Abashinzwe kubungabunga ububiko bw'amabuye y'agaciro bagaragaza ibice bya GET bifite impande zikomeye zo gukata ibikoresho bya Bulldozer

Ibyo nize kuri SHAKA Ibisobanuro bya Bulldozers zo mu birombe nyuma y'imyaka 10 yo gucuruza ibikoresho byo mu birombe

Ubwo natangiraga gutanga ibikoresho byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro ku butaka (GET) mu bikorwa byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro mu 2015, ikosa ryakunze kugaragara ku bashinzwe kubungabunga ubwikorezi bw'amabuye y'agaciro ni ukugaragaza uburyo bwo gukoresha ibikoresho bya GET hashingiwe ku giciro cyonyine - kugura uburyo buhendutse bwakwirakwira mu bikoresho byabo batitaye ku buryo ibikoresho byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro bikoreshwa, amasaha yo gukora ku munsi, cyangwa ikiguzi cyose cya GET mu gihe cyose ibikoresho byakoreshejwe. Ingaruka zabyo ni ukwangirika mbere y'igihe (igihe icyuma cyo hasi cyakoreshwaga mu bihe byo kwangirika cyane) cyangwa ikiguzi kinini cyane (igihe utubuto twa tungsten carbide twakoreshwaga mu bihe byo kwangirika gato aho icyuma gisanzwe gishyushye cyari kuba gihagije).

Mu myaka 10 ishize, natanze ibicuruzwa bya GET mu bikorwa byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro hirya no hino mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, no muri Aziya yo Hagati, kuva ku birombe bito by'amabuye y'agaciro bicukurwa n'imiryango bitanga toni 50.000 ku mwaka kugeza ku bikorwa binini byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro ya granite bitanga toni miliyoni 2 ku mwaka. Nakoze inyigo ku gipimo cy'ikoreshwa rya GET, ngasesengura ikiguzi cyose cya GET ikoreshwa kuri toni y'ibikoresho byimuwe, kandi nakoranye n'amatsinda yo kubungabunga kugira ngo nonosore ibihe byo guhindura GET n'imikorere yayo. Icyo nize ni uko ibipimo bya GET ari icyemezo cy'ubuhanga gishingiye ku makuru, atari icyemezo cyo kugura, kandi ko ibipimo bikwiye bishobora kugabanya ikiguzi cyose cya GET ho 30-50% ugereranije n'ibipimo bidafite ishingiro bishingiye ku giciro gito cya mbere.

Gusobanukirwa ikoranabuhanga rya GET: Sisitemu z'icyuma kimwe ugereranyije n'izisutswe

Ibikoresho byo gushora imari mu butaka bya bulldozers biboneka mu buryo bubiri bw'ingenzi: icyuma kimwe (aho adaptateri n'inkombe zo hejuru ari igice kimwe cyangwa igice cy'icyuma gikozwemo) n'icyuma gikozwemo (aho igice cyo hejuru gikozwemo icyuma gikozwemo icyuma gikozwemo icyuma gikozwemo icyuma). Guhitamo hagati y'izi sisitemu bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku kiguzi cy'imikorere, imyitozo yo kubungabunga, n'ingaruka ku bikoresho.

Sisitemu za GET z'icyuma kimwe

Sisitemu za GET z'icyuma kimwe ni zo zisanzwe zikoreshwa mu gukata impande za bulldozer kandi zikomeje kuba ihame mu bikorwa byinshi byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro. Igice cyose - kuva ku buryo bwo gufunga bufata icyuma cya dozer blade kugeza ku nkombe yo gukata ikora ku bikoresho byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro - ni igice kimwe cy'icyuma gishyushye gikozwe mu cyuma. Iyo inkombe yo gukata ishaje cyangwa yangiritse, igice cyose gikurwaho kigasimbuzwa ikindi gishya.

Ibyiza bya sisitemu y'icyuma kimwe ni ukoroshya (nta byuma byo gusudira bigomba gusuzumwa, nta bikoresho byo kubika impeta bigomba gusuzumwa, kandi nta ngaruka zo gutakaza impeta mu gihe cyo gukora) no kwizerwa (GET y'icyuma kimwe ishyizweho neza ntabwo izapfa mu buryo butuma icyuma cyangirika). Ingorane ni ikiguzi: iyo impeta ishaje nyuma y'amasaha 200-600 ikora, igice cyose - harimo n'igice cya adaptateri kitarangirika na gato - kigomba gusimbuzwa. Ku bikoresho byo mu birombe bifite ubukana bwinshi aho impeta ishaje vuba, bivuze gusimbuza adaptateri idashaje 70-80% buri masaha 200-400, ibyo bikaba ari ugutakaza amafaranga menshi.

Sisitemu zo Gukusanya Amanota ya Welded-Tippet

Sisitemu za GET zikoresha ibyuma bivanze zikemura ikibazo cy’ubukungu mu buryo budakora neza bwa sisitemu imwe y’icyuma binyuze mu gutandukanya igice cyo gusaza (agasongero) n’igice cy’imiterere (adaptateri). Iyo agasongero kamaze gusaza, agasongero gusa ni ko gasimburwa - adaptateri ikomeza gushyirwa ku cyuma cya dozer, hanyuma agasongero gashya kagashyirwa mu mwanya wako cyangwa gakingirwa mu buryo bwa mashini. Ku bikorwa byo gucukura amabuye menshi, ibi bishobora kugabanya ikiguzi cyo gukoresha GET ho 30-40% kuko ikiguzi cya adaptateri gikurwaho amafaranga menshi ugereranyije n’ibindi bikoresho byinshi bisimbura agasongero.

Ariko, sisitemu zo gucukura zitera ibyago bitariho muri sisitemu z'icyuma kimwe. Ubushuhe hagati y'umutwe n'agasanduku ni ihuriro ry'ingenzi ry'imiterere rihura n'imihangayiko myinshi ituruka ku gucukura no kwangirika kw'ibikoresho byo mu birombe. Niba ubushuhe budakozwe ku buryo busanzwe bwo gucukura (ubusanzwe AWS D14.1 cyangwa bingana nayo), cyangwa niba ubushuhe budasuzumwa buri gihe kugira ngo harebwe ko hari imivuniko n'umunaniro, kwangirika kw'umutwe mu gihe cyo gukora bishobora gutuma umutwe ucika ukaba igikoresho cy'umuvuduko mwinshi imbere mu birombe, cyangwa bigatera kwangirika k'icyuma cya dozer gitwara inshuro 5-10 z'ikiguzi cya GET cyo gusana. Mu bunararibonye bwanjye, ibyago byo kwangirika k'ubushuhe ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru ituma bamwe mu bakora ubushuhe bahitamo sisitemu z'icyuma kimwe - bemera ikiguzi kinini cyo guhinduranya kugira ngo bakureho ibyago byo kwangirika k'ubushuhe.

Uburyo bwa gatatu bwirinda igiciro gito cy’icyuma kimwe ndetse n’ingaruka zo gushonga ku gice cyo hejuru ni sisitemu yo gufunga umutwe, aho igice cyo hejuru gifatwa muri adaptateri hakoreshejwe sisitemu yo kubikamo (agapira ko gufunga, SetRing, cyangwa sisitemu yo gufunga) aho gukoreshwa mu gusudira. Igice cyo hejuru gishobora guhindurwa mu minota 5-10 (ugereranije n’iminota 30-60 ku gice cyo hejuru), kandi bikuraho burundu ibyago byo gushonga, ariko bisaba igenzura rihoraho no kubungabunga uburyo bwo gufunga kugira ngo hamenyekane ko igice cyo hejuru kitazimira mu gihe cyo gukora. Ndasaba cyane sisitemu zo gufunga umutwe ku bikorwa by’ubucukuzi aho ubwiza bwo kubungabunga buhinduka kandi aho ingaruka zo gutakaza umutwe ziba zikomeye.

Guhitamo urwego rw'ibikoresho hashingiwe ku buryo ibikoresho bicukurwamo amabuye

Ubukana bw'ibikoresho byo mu ruganda rw'amabuye y'agaciro ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi mu guhitamo urwego rw'ibikoresho bya GET, kandi guhuza urwego rw'ibikoresho n'ubukana bw'ibikoresho byo mu ruganda ni cyo cyemezo cy'ingenzi cyane mu bipimo bya GET. Ubukana bw'ibikoresho byo mu ruganda rw'amabuye y'agaciro bupimwa hakoreshejwe ibizamini bya laboratwari bisanzwe: ikizamini cya Los Angeles (LA75) cyo gushwanyagurika gipima igihombo cy'icyuma gisanzwe nyuma y'impinduka 500 hamwe n'ibikoresho byo mu ruganda rw'amabuye y'agaciro; igipimo cya Cerchar abrasivity (CAI) gipima ubukana bw'ibikoresho byo mu ruganda rw'amabuye y'agaciro ku gishushanyo cy'icyuma. Ibipimo byombi bitanga amakuru y'ingirakamaro, kandi nkunda gukoresha LA75 nk'ikimenyetso cy'ibanze cyo gupima kuko bifitanye isano nziza n'igihe GET yambara mu bunararibonye bwanjye mu murima.

Ibikoresho bidakoresha imbaraga nke (Lime, Marble, Gypsum)

Ibicukurwa bya limestone, marble, na gypsum bifite agaciro ka LA75 kari hagati ya 20-30 (bivuze ko ibikoresho bitera igihombo cya 20-30% mu igeragezwa rya LA75) n'ibipimo bya Cerchar bya 0.5-1.5. Ibi bikoresho byoroshye kandi bitera kwangirika ku nkengero za GET. Kuri izi ngamba, ndagaragaza impande zo gukata ibyuma bishyushye bifite ubushyuhe bwa Brinell bwa 400-500 HB, bitanga igihe gihagije cyo kwangirika (amasaha 300-600 yo gukora kuri buri gice kuri bulldozers za 320HP) ku giciro gito gikwiye. Tungsten carbide cyangwa chrome carbide tips muri rusange ntabwo bihendutse mu bikoresho bidashyuha cyane kuko kongera igihe cyo kwangirika bidasobanura ikiguzi kinini cya 3-5 cy'ibice.

Ibikoresho bifite ubukana buringaniye (Amabuye y'umucanga, amabuye y'agaciro, icyuma)

Amabuye y'umusenyi, amwe mu mabuye y'agaciro, hamwe n'amabuye y'agaciro yo mu rwego rwo hasi bifite agaciro ka LA75 hagati ya 40-60 na Cerchar indices ya 2.0-3.5. Ibi bikoresho bitera kwangirika gukomeye ku buryo byangiza vuba icyuma gisanzwe gishyushye GET. Kuri izi porogaramu, ndagaragaza icyuma gishyushye gishyushye gifite chromium (ubusanzwe 2-4% ya chromium) kugira ngo cyongere ubukana n'ubudahangarwa, hamwe na Brinell ifite ubukana bwa 500-600 HB. Kongeraho chromium byongera ikiguzi ku kigero cya 15-25% ugereranije n'icyuma gisanzwe gishyushye ariko byongera igihe cyo kwangirika ku kigero cya 50-100%, bigatuma bihendutse ku bikoresho biciriritse. Ubundi buryo, ndagaragaza chrome carbide overlay plate ku ruhande rugezweho kugira ngo ubone igisubizo gihendutse cyane mu bikoresho biciriritse - hejuru itanga ubukana bwa 600-700 HB mu gihe substrate ikomeza kuba icyuma gikomeye cya alloy.

Ibikoresho bikoresha imbaraga nyinshi (Granite, Basalt, Quartzite)

Granite, basalt, quartzite, n'ibindi bikoresho by'icyuma gikomeye bifite agaciro ka LA75 kari hagati ya 70-100 na Cerchar indices ya 4.0-6.0. Ibi bikoresho biri mu bikoresho karemano bikunze kwangirika cyane biboneka mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, kandi icyuma gisanzwe gishyushya GET gishobora kwangirika mu masaha 50-100 yo gukora muri ibi bihe. Ku bijyanye no gukoresha ibintu bishyushye cyane, ndagaragaza utubumbe twa tungsten carbide (dufite ubukana bwa 1.500-1.800 HB) cyangwa plaque za alloy zidashobora kwangirika zifite ubukana bwinshi cyane (ubuso bwa 650-700 HB). Igiciro cy'ibi bikoresho by'igiciro cyinshi ni inshuro 3-10 z'igiciro cy'icyuma gisanzwe gishyushya, ariko igihe kirekire cyo kwangirika (amasaha 1.000-4.000 yo gukora bitewe n'urwego rw'ibikoresho byihariye n'ubukana bw'ibikoresho byo mu bucukuzi) bituma biba amahitamo meza cyane iyo hatanzwe ikiguzi cyuzuye cyo gukora, akazi, n'igihombo cy'umusaruro.

Igiciro nyacyo cyo kwamburwa ibikoresho bya GET mu bikorwa byo kwambura amabuye

Igiciro cyo kwangirika kwa GET mu bikorwa by'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro kiri hejuru cyane kurusha uko abayobozi benshi b'ibirori babyumva, kuko ikiguzi cy'igice cy'ingenzi ari igice gito cyane cy'ikiguzi cyose. Mu bunararibonye bwanjye bwo gusesengura amakuru y'ikiguzi cya GET yavuye mu bikorwa by'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro mu bihugu byinshi, ikiguzi cyose cyo kwangirika kwa GET gicamo ibi bikurikira: 20-30% ni ikiguzi cy'ikiguzi cy'ibice bya GET (amatipi, adaptateri, impande zo guca); 30-40% ni ikiguzi cy'abakozi badafite igihe cyo guhindura no kubungabunga icyuma cya GET; naho 40-50% ni ikiguzi cyo gutakaza umusaruro hamwe n'ibyangiritse ku nyubako y'icyuma cya dozer cyatewe no kwangirika kwa GET nyuma y'aho byasabwe guhindura.

Ingaruka ku musaruro wa Worn GET

Iyo impande zo hasi za GET zangiritse zirenze aho zisabwa guhindura, ubushobozi bwo gusunika bwa dozer bugabanuka cyane. Bulldozer ifite GET ifashwe neza ishobora gusunika ibikoresho birenga 15-25% ku isaha kurusha imashini imwe ifite GET ishaje ikora mu bihe bimwe. Uku gutakaza umusaruro ntiguhora kugaragara kuko bigenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro uko GET igenda ishira, ariko mu gihe cy'umunsi wose wo gukora, itandukaniro riri hagati ya GET ifashwe neza n'iyashaje rishobora kugaragaza igabanuka rya 10-20% ry'ibikoresho byimuwe buri munsi - ku giciro cya USD 10-30 kuri toni kigereranya USD 1,000-5,000 ku munsi mu nyungu zihomba ku gikorwa cyo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro giciriritse.

Kwangirika kwa kabiri guterwa na GET yashaje ni cyo kintu gifatwa nk'ikiguzi gike cyane. Iyo inkombe y'inyongera ishaje kugeza aho itagitanga ubuso buhanitse bwo gukata, icyuma cya dozer gitangira kuzamuka ku gikoresho aho kugikata neza. Ibi bituma icyuma gifata ku butaka n'amababa y'inyongera agakubita ku gikoresho kitaracibwa, ibyo bigatuma hasi h'amababi y'inyongera, amababa y'inyongera, n'amaboko asunika. Nabonye gusana inyubako y'icyuma cya dozer cyatwaye hagati ya 8.000 na 25.000 by'amadolari y'Amerika - inshuro eshanu kugeza ku icumi z'igiciro cya GET ku mwaka - byatewe no gukoresha GET yashaje urenze aho yasabwaga guhindura.

BONA Igenamigambi ry'Impinduka mu Mikorere y'Amato y'Akara

Igihe cyo guhindura GET ku byuma bicukura amabuye y'agaciro kigomba gushingira ku kwangirika gupimwa, ntabwo ari ku ngengabihe ihoraho, kuko ubukana bw'ibikoresho bicukura amabuye y'agaciro butandukana bitewe n'ahantu hacukurwa amabuye y'agaciro, hagati y'intebe, no hagati y'ibihe. Ariko, ibikorwa byinshi byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro bikenera aho bitangirira mu igenamigambi ryabyo ryo kubungabunga, kandi ntanga amabwiriza akurikira ashingiye ku bwoko bw'ibikoresho bicukura amabuye y'agaciro n'itsinda ry'ingano ya dozeri, hamwe n'inama y'uko abakora bahindura ibihe bashingiye ku bipimo nyabyo by'ubutaka.

Porogaramu y'igenzura

Ndasaba igenzura rya GET rigaragara kuri buri mpinduka - akenshi buri masaha 8 cyangwa 12 y'akazi - bifata iminota 5 kugira ngo umukoresha wabihuguriwe cyangwa umutekinisiye w'ibikorwa. Isuzuma rigomba gusuzuma: kwangirika kw'izuru (pima uburebure bw'izuru risigaye kuva ku zuru ryo ku zuru kugeza ku rutugu rwa adaptateri - usimbuze niba biri muri mm 10 uvuye ku rutugu rwa adaptateri); kwangirika kugaragara (reba kwangirika kuva ku zuru ryo ku zuru ugana ku kibuno cya adaptateri - kwangirika kose kurenza mm 5 bisaba gusimbuzwa ako kanya); kwangirika kw'izuru (ku bijyanye na sisitemu zo gufunga no gusogongera, reba neza ko imitwe irinzwe kandi ko uburyo bwo kubika bumeze neza); n'imiterere ya adaptateri (reba niba hari ubuso bufunga adaptateri bugoramye cyangwa bwashaje bushobora kubuza imyanya ikwiye yo kwicara ku zuru).

Ibihe by'Impinduka Biteganyijwe

Ku igenamigambi ry’ibanze ryo kubungabunga, ndasaba ko habaho ibihe bikurikira byo gutangira guhindura GET nk'ahantu ho gutangira, hagahindurwa hashingiwe ku makuru nyayo y’igenzura: kuri bulldozers zo mu bwoko bwa 320HP (zisanzwe ku birombe by’amabuye y’agaciro biciriritse) muri limestone (LA75 20-30): gusimbuza impembe ku masaha 300-500 yo gukora; mu mabuye y’umucanga (LA75 40-60): gusimbuza impembe ku masaha 200-400 yo gukora; muri granite/basalt (LA75 70-100): gusimbuza impembe ku masaha 100-200 yo gukora ukoresheje tungsten carbide. Kuri bulldozers zo mu bwoko bwa 520HP (zisanzwe ku birombe binini): gupima impembero zavuzwe haruguru ku kigero cya 0.8, kuko ibikoresho binini bifite ikiguzi cya GET kiri hejuru kuri buri saha yo gukora bitewe n’ingano nini y’impera.

Ku bijyanye n'ibipimo ngenderwaho by'ibikoresho byo mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, rebaISO 10414amahame ngenderwaho y'ibikoresho byo gucukura amabuye n'ibijyanyeSAE Internationalamabwiriza agenga uburyo bwo kwambara ibice by'ibikoresho byo kwimura ubutaka.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya sisitemu ya GET ikoresha icyuma kimwe n'ikoreshwa rya welded ku byuma bicukura amatafari?

Sisitemu za GET z'icyuma kimwe zikoresha ibice by'icyuma kimwe cyangwa ibice by'icyuma aho adaptateri n'inkombe zo gukata ari igice kimwe - iyo inkombe zo gukata zishaje, igice cyose kirasimburwa, harimo na adaptateri itarambarwa. Sisitemu zo gukata zikoresha inkombe zo gukata ukwazo zisukwa cyangwa zifungiranye kuri adaptateri y'icyuma - inkombe zo gukata gusa zisimburwa iyo zishaje, bigabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora ho 30-40%. Inkombe zo gukata zitanga uburyo bworoshye kandi nta ngaruka zo gutakaza inkombe; inkombe zo gukata zigabanya ikiguzi ariko zigatera ibyago byo gutakaza inkombe. Sisitemu zo gukata inkombe zikoresha uburyo bwa gatatu - gusimbuza inkombe nta gusudira kandi nta ngaruka zo gutakaza inkombe.

Ni gute urwego rw'ibikoresho rugira ingaruka ku gihe cyo kwangirika kw'inkengero za GET mu bikorwa byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro?

Ingano y'ibikoresho ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru ituma GET iramba neza. Icyuma gisanzwe cya karuboni (300-400 HB) cyangirika mu masaha 100-200 mu icupa rya limestone risanzwe. Icyuma gishyushye gishyushye (450-550 HB) cyongera igihe cyo kwambara kugeza ku masaha 300-500. Icupa rya Chrome carbide (600-700 HB) cyongera igihe cyo kwambara kugeza ku masaha 600-1000. Impande za Tungsten carbide (1,500-1,800 HB) zishobora kongera igihe cyo kwambara kugeza ku masaha 2,000-4,000 mu bihe bikomeye byo kwangirika. Ingano ikwiye igomba guhuzwa n'ikimenyetso cya LA75 cyangwa Cerchar cyo kwangirika - gukoresha ibikoresho byiza mu bikoresho byo kwangirika bike bipfusha ubusa amafaranga, mu gihe gukoresha icyuma gisanzwe mu bikoresho byo kwangirika cyane bitera kwangirika gukabije no kwangirika kwa kabiri.

Ni ikihe giciro nyakuri cy'ingufu za GET mu bikorwa byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro?

Igiciro cyose cya GET cyo kwambara kirimo: (1) Igiciro cya GET cyonyine — 20-30% by'igiteranyo cyose; (2) Igiciro cy'abakozi basimbuye — 30-40% by'igiteranyo cyose (amasaha 2-4 yo kuruhuka kuri buri gikorwa cyo guhinduranya); (3) Igihombo cy'umusaruro giturutse kuri GET yashaje kigabanya ubushobozi bwo gusunika ku kigero cya 15-25% — 20-30% by'igiteranyo cyose; (4) Kwangirika kw'inyongera ku mababa y'amababa, amaboko yo gusunika, n'amasashe yo hasi yo kwambara — 20-30% by'igiteranyo cyose. Igiciro cyose gishobora kugera kuri USD 3-8 ku isaha yo gukora mu gihe cy'ubucukuzi bukomeye. Igiciro cyo gusana inyubako y'amasashe giterwa no gukoresha GET yashaje irenze aho yasabwe guhinduranya gishobora kugera kuri USD 8.000-25.000 kuri buri gikorwa — inshuro 5-10 z'ikiguzi cya GET ku mwaka.

Ni gute uburyo ibikoresho bisanzwe byo mu kabari bigira ingaruka ku guhitamo GET?

Ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho byo mu birombe buratandukanye cyane: limestone yoroshye (LA75 20-30, Cerchar 0.5-1.0) ikoresha icyuma gishyushye cya 450-500 HB gifite igihe cyo kwambara amasaha 300-600. Ibuye ry'umucanga n'amabuye y'agaciro biciriritse (LA75 40-60, Cerchar 2.0-3.0) bisaba chrome carbide ya 550-650 HB ifite igihe cyo kwambara amasaha 300-500. Granite na basalt bikabije (LA75 70-100, Cerchar 4.0-6.0) bisaba tungsten carbide top cyangwa alloys zikomeye cyane (650-700 HB) zifite igihe cyo kwambara amasaha 400-2.000 bitewe n'urwego. Buri gihe gerageza cyangwa shaka amakuru ya LA75/Cerchar ku bikoresho byawe byihariye byo mu birombe mbere yo kugaragaza urwego rwa GET.

Ni ikihe gihe cyo guhindura GET abayobozi b'amato y'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro bagomba gukoresha ku matike y'ubutare?

Inshuro zo guhindura ibanze ku byangiritse, ntabwo ari igihe cya kalendari. Ku mabulldozer yo mu bwoko bwa 320HP mu ibumba: amasaha 300-500 yo gukora kuri buri gice cy'isonga. Mu ibumba ry'umucanga: amasaha 200-400 yo gukora. Mu mabuye ya granite/basalt: amasaha 100-200 yo gukora ukoresheje imitwe ya tungsten carbide. Ku mabulldozer yo mu bwoko bwa 520HP, gabanya intera ho hafi 20%. Reba buri mpinduka (buri masaha 8-12) kandi usimbuze iyo izuru ry'isonga ryambawe kugeza kuri mm 10 uvuye ku rutugu rwa adaptateri, aho hagaragara hose kuva ku zuru ujya ku adaptateri birenga mm 5, cyangwa kugabanya ibiro birenga 15% by'ibyambere. Gukora urenze iyi ngano byongera ibyago byo kwangirika cyane.